The article speaks about the Soviet period of the constitutional rights of citizens, communist ideology, the socialist concept of human rights based on social equality, collectivism, the prevalence of duties over rights with the formation of historically cultural values of the Tajik people. It is supported that in the 20-30s of the twentieth century, human rights in Tajikistan obtained a constitutional character and were reflected in the Constitutions of the USSR and the Tajik SSR. Moreover, the socialist concept of human rights formed the basis of the Constitutions of Soviet Tajikistan in 1929, 1931, 1937 and 1978. As a result, it offers a certain interest to turn to the Soviet socialist concept of human rights, which turned out to be undeservedly forgotten in the post-Soviet space. On the one hand, it is supported that the principles and norms of Soviet law became a model for other countries of the world for protecting the social rights of citizens, and influenced the content of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Human Rights (1966), on the other hand, the relationship of values and ideological settings of the Soviet law with traditional legal values of Tajik society is shown.
human rights, social rights, collectivism, socialist society, communism, Soviet Union of Social Republics - USSR, Constitution of the Tajik SSR
1. The Declaration of the Workers’ Rights and exploited people since January 13, 1918 No. 15 // Collection Statute-Book and Orders of the Workers and Peasants of the Government for 1917–1918. M., 1942. - PP. 233-235.
2. The Constitution (Basic Law) of the Tajik ASSR of April 28, 1929 / Reader on the History of the State and Law of Tajikistan (1917–1994) / comp. T. F. Takhirov. - Dushanbe, 2014. - PP. 263-286.
3. The Constitution (Basic Law) of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic of February 25, 1931 / Reader on the History of the State and Law of Tajikistan (1917–1994) / comp. T.F. Takhirov. - Dushanbe, 2014. - PP. 326-348.
4. The Constitution (Basic Law) of the Tajik SSR: Confirmed by the Urgent VI Congress of Soviets of the Tajik SSR of March 1, 1937 (as amended and supplemented on January 1, 1965). - Dushanbe: Cognition, 1965. - 32 pp.
5. The Constitution (Basic Law) of the Tajik SSR: Adopted at the Urgent Eighth Session of the Supreme Council of the Tajik SSR of the Ninth Convocation of April 14, 1978 - Dushanbe: Cognition, 1979. - 52 pp.
6. Avakyan S.A. Constitution of Russia: nature, evolution, modernity. Ed. 2nd. - M.: RUID, 2000. - 528 pp.
7. Alekseev S.S. Rise to the right. Searches and solutions. - M.: NORMA, 2001. - 752 pp.
8. Lenin V.I. Plenum of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions of April 11, 1919. Final Speech on the Report // Full. coll. op. - M.: Politizdat, 1969. - T. 38 - PP. 275-296.
9. Lenin V.I. VII All-Russian Congress of Soviets. Final Speech on the Report of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars. December 6, 1918 // Full. coll. op. - M.: Politizdat, 1963. - T. 39. - PP. 385-436.
10. Maltsev G.V. Socialist law and the freedom of personality. M.: Yurid. lit., 1968. - 144 pp.
11. Nematov A.R. Human rights in the cultural and historical tradition of the Tajik people // Rights and Freedom of Man and Citizen: Theoretical Aspects and Legal Practice: Materials of the Annual International. Scientific Conference in Memory of Professor Felix Mikhailovich Rudinsky, April 28, 2016 / ed. ed. YES. Pashentsev. Ryazan: Concept, 2016. - PP. 219 - 223.
12. Radjabov S.A. In the International Family of Soviet Republics. - Dushanbe: Cognition, 1974. - 296 pp.
13. The Socialist Concept of Human Rights: Monograph / ed. editor: V.M. Chkhikvadze, E.A. Lukashev. M.: Science, 1986. - 224 pp.
14. Transformation of Human Rights in the Modern World / ed. ed. A.N. Savenkov, hands. ed. coll. N.V. Kolotov. – M.: Norma; INFRA-M, 2018. - 256 pp.
15. Tumanov V.A. Bourgeois Legal Ideology: Toward a Criticism of Teachings about Law. – M.: Science, 1971. – 382 pp.
16. Tumanov D.Yu. The system of Rights and Freedom of Citizens under the Constitution of the USSR of 1977 // Law and Right. - 2012. - No. 1. – PP. 8-10.
17. Farber I.E. Freedom and Human Rights in the Soviet State. - Saratov: Sarat Publishing House. un-ta, 1974. - 190 pp.
18. Chkhikvadze V.M. Socialist Humanism and Human Rights. – M.: Nauka, 1978. – 304 pp.